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February 1

1411  First Peace of Thorn  signed in Thorn, Monastic State of the Teutonic Knights.

1884  The first volume of the Oxford English Dictionary was published.

1937  Don Everly was born in Brownie, Muhlenberg County, Kentucky.

1942  The Voice of America (VOA) began broadcasting.

1964  The Beatles first number one U.S. Hit with I Want to Hold Your Hand.

1979  Patty Hearst was released from prison, sentence commuted by President Jimmy Carter.

1979  Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini returned to Tehran after nearly 15 years of exile.

1996  The Communications Decency Act was passed by the United States Congress.

2004  Janet Jackson’s breast exposed during the half-time show of Super Bowl XXXVIII.


February 2 - CANDLEMAS - GROUNDHOG DAY

1848  The first ship with Chinese immigrants  aboard arrived in San Francisco.

1876  Baseball’s National League was formed in New York with eight teams in Boston, Chicago, Cincinnati, Hartford, Louisville, New York, Philadelphia and St. Louis.

1882  James Joyce was born in Rathgar, Dublin.

1887  First Groundhog Day was observed in Punxsutawney, Pennsylvania.

1922  Ulysses by James Joyce was published.

1939  Joyce’s Finnegans Wake was published.

2019  Carol Emshwiller died in Durham, North Carolina at age 97.


February 3

1468  Johannes Gutenberg died in Mainz, Germany at age 70.

1690  Massachusetts colony issued first paper money in the Americas.

1874  Gertrude Stein was born in Allegheny, Pennsylvania.

1918  Twin Peaks Tunnel, San Francisco, began service; the longest streetcar tunnel in the world at 11,920 feet (3,633 meters) long.

1959  Buddy Holly, Ritchie Valens, and J.P. “The Big Bopper” Richardson were killed in a plane crash near Clear Lake, Iowa.


February 4

 211  Roman Emperor Septimius Severus died at Eboracum while preparing to lead a campaign against the Caledonians.

1789  George Washington unanimously elected as the first President of the United States by the U.S. Electoral College.

1818  Joshua A. Norton (Emperor Norton) was born in Deptford, London, England.

1899  The Philippine-American War began with the Battle of Manila.

1968  Neal Cassady died in San Miguel de Allende, Mexico at age 41.

1974  Patty Hearst was kidnapped by the SLA.

2004  Facebook founded by Mark Zuckerberg.

2016  Edgar Mitchell, the sixth man to walk on the Moon, died in Hereford, Texas at age 85.


February 5 - JTEL’S DAY

1914  William Seward Burroughs was born in St. Louis.

1919  Charlie Chaplin, Mary Pickford, Douglas Fairbanks, and D. W. Griffith launched the United Artists film studio.


February 6

1564  Christopher Marlowe was born.

1748  Adam Weishaupt, Illuminati founder, was born in Ingolstadt, Bavaria.

1895  Babe Ruth was born in Baltimore.

1911  Ronald Wilson Reagan was born in Tampico, Illinois.

1917  Zsa Zsa Gabor was born in Budapest.

1945  Bob Marley was born in Nine Mile, Jamaica.

1976  Leonard Peltier was arrested.

2016  Dan Hicks died in Mill Valley, California.


February 7

1812  Charles Dickens was born in Landport, Hampshire, England.

1947  Main group of Dead Sea Scrolls was found.

1992  Maastricht Treaty was signed, leading to the creation of the European Union.

2011  Julius Stürmer died in Geltendorf, Bavaria, Germany at age 95.

2018  John Perry Barlow died in San Francisco at age 70.


February 8

-293  First sundial in Rome.

1238  Mongols burned city of Vladimir, Russia.

1879  Sanford Fleming first proposed adoption of Universal Standard Time.

1926  Neal Cassady was born in Salt Lake City.


February 9

1775  American Revolutionary War - The British Parliament declared Massachusetts to be in rebellion.

1909  Davy Institute of Tree Surgery opened in Kent, Ohio.

1944  Alice Walker was born in Putnam County, Georgia.

1944  Don Joyce of Negativland group and Over The Edge radio was born in Keene, New Hampshire.

1964  First appearance of The Beatles on The Ed Sullivan Show.

1986  Halley’s Comet most recent appearance in the inner Solar System.


February 10

1258  Baghdad fell to the horde of Mongols, and the Abbasid Caliphate was destroyed.

1898  Bertolt Brecht was born in Augsburg, German Empire.

1940  Tom and Jerry debuted in the cartoon short Puss Gets the Boot.


February 11

-660  Traditional date for foundation of Japan by Emperor Jimmu.

1847  Thomas Edison was born in Milan, Ohio.

1929  The State of Vatican City was granted independence by Benito Mussolini.

1937  Flint, Michigan sit-down strike ended, GM recognized the United Auto Workers.

1938  The first Science Fiction TV program on BBC adapted part of Karel Čapek’s play R.U.R. which coined the term “robot.”

1978  China lifted a ban on works by Aristotle, William Shakespeare, Charles Dickens.

1990  In South Africa, Nelson Mandela was released from prison after 27 years.


February 12

1809  Charles Darwin was born in Shrewsbury, England.

1809  Abraham Lincoln was born in Hodgenville, Kentucky.

2000  Charles M. Schulz died in Santa Rosa, California at age 77.

2002  U.S. DEA raided San Francisco Bay Area medical marijuana clubs and made arrests.

2019  Lyndon LaRouche died at age 96.


February 13

1633  Galileo Galilei arrived in Rome for his trial before the Inquisition.

1881  La Citoyenne was first published in Paris.

1883  Richard Wagner died in Venice at age 69.

1947  Kevin Bloody Wilson was born in Sydney, Australia.

1920  The Negro National League was formed in Kansas City, Missouri.

2000  The last original Peanuts comic strip appeared in newspapers one day after Charles M. Schulz died.

2016  Antonin Scalia died in Shafter, Texas at age 79.


February 14 - VALENTINE’S DAY

1819  Joshua “Emperor” Norton was born in London.

1899  Voting machines were approved by the U.S. Congress for use in federal elections.

1989  Salman Rushdie was sentenced to death by the Ayatollah Khomeini of Iran for writing/publishing The Satanic Verses.

2015  In Copenhagen, a public discussion called Art, Blasphemy and Freedom of Expression, and later the city’s Great Synagogue were attacked by a lone gunman.


February 15

1564  Galileo was born in Pisa, Italy.

2003  Protests against Iraq war in 600+ cities worldwide; 8 to 30 million people; the largest peace demonstration in history.

2013  A meteor exploded over Russia, with shock waves injuring 1,500 people.


February 16

1909  Hugh Beaumont was born in Eudora, Kansas.

2016  Boutros Boutros-Ghali died in Cairo at age 93.

2019  Ken Nordine died in Chicago at age 98.


February 17

1600  The philosopher Giordano Bruno was burned at the stake at Campo de’ Fiori in Rome at age 51-52.

1621  Myles Standish appointed first commander of the Plymouth Colony.

1802  Electoral tie between Thomas Jefferson and Aaron Burr resolved when Jefferson elected President and Burr, Vice President by U.S. House of Representatives.

1904  Madama Butterfly by Giacomo Puccini premièred at La Scala in Milan.

1909  Apache Chief Geronimo died while in captivity at Fort Sill, Oklahoma.

1933  United States Alcohol Prohibition ended.

1933  Newsweek magazine was first published.

2016  Tony Phillips of the Oakland A’s died in Scottsdale, Arizona at age 56.


February 18

1564  Michelangelo died in Rome at age 88.

1885  The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn by Mark Twain was published.

1922  Helen Gurley Brown was born in Green Forest, Arkansas.

1933  Yoko Ono was born in Tokyo.

1954  The first Church of Scientology was established in Los Angeles.

2016  San Francisco Giant Jim Davenport died in Redwood City, California at age 82.


February 19

356  Emperor Constantius II issued a decree to order the closing of all the pagan temples within the Roman Empire.

1473  Astronomer Nicolaus Copernicus was born in Toruń, Poland.

1949  Ezra Pound awarded first Bollingen Prize in poetry by the Bollingen Foundation and Yale University.

2016  Umberto Eco died in Milan at age 84.

2016  Harper Lee died in Monroeville, Alabama at age 89.


February 20

1902  Ansel Adams was born in San Francisco.

1931  United States Congress approved the construction of the San Francisco-Oakland Bay Bridge by the state of California.

1954  Patty Hearst was born in San Francisco.

1962  John Glenn first orbited the moon.


February 21

1848  Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels published The Communist Manifesto.

1874  The Oakland Daily Tribune published its first edition.

1903  Anaïs Nin was born in Paris.

1925  The first issue of The New Yorker magazine was published.

1937  League of Nations banned foreign national “volunteers” in the Spanish Civil War.

1951  Vince Welnick was born in Phoenix, Arizona.

1965  Malcolm X was shot and killed while delivering a speech in New York City at age 39.

2017  Ray Amir, Pinel School co-founder, died at home in Berkeley, California.


February 22

1371  Robert II became King of Scotland, beginning the Stuart dynasty.

1732  George Washington was born in Westmoreland County, Virginia.

1918  Charlie Finley, businessman, was born in Ensley, Alabama.

1925  Edward Gorey, illustrator and poet, was born in Chicago.

1938  Ishmael Reed was born in Chattanooga, Tennessee.

1986  People Power Revolution began in the Philippines.

1997  Dolly the sheep cloned in Scotland.

2017  Terra Dunlap and Joe Burke were married by the Rev. Roberts in San Francisco.

2021  Lawrence Ferlinghetti, American poet and co-founder of City Lights Booksellers & Publishers, died in San Francisco at age 101.


February 23

1633  Samuel Pepys, English administrator, politician, and secret diarist was born in London.

1868  W. E. B. Du Bois was born in Great Barrington, Massachusetts.

1941  Plutonium was first produced and isolated by Dr. Glenn T. Seaborg.

1991  In “Desert Storm,” the Allied ground offensive began against Iraq.


February 24

1582  Pope Gregory XIII corrected mistakes on the Julian calendar by dropping 10 days and directing that the day after October 4, 1582 would be October 15, inaugurating the Gregorian calendar.

1920  The Nazi Party was founded in Germany.

1942  The Great Los Angeles Air Raid.


February 25

1846  William F. “Buffalo Bill” Cody was born near Le Claire, Iowa.

1866  The Calaveras Skull was “discovered.” It supposedly indicated that man, mastodons, and elephants had co-existed, but was soon debunked as a hoax perpetrated by Sierra Nevada miners.

1901  Zeppo Marx was born in New York City.

1943  George Harrison was born in Liverpool, England.

1950  David Granda was born.

1983  Tennessee Williams died in New York City at age 71.

1986  People Power Revolution in the Philippines.


February 26

-747  Epoch of Ptolemy’s Nabonassar Era.

1808  Honoré Daumier, French painter, illustrator, and sculptor was born in Marseille.

1829  Levi Strauss (Löb Strauß) was born in Buttenheim, Kingdom of Bavaria.

1848  The Communist Manifesto was published by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels.

1932  Johnny Cash was born in Kingsland, Arkansas.

1993  World Trade Center bombed, New York City.


February 27

1807  Henry Wadsworth Longfellow was born in Portland, Maine.

1812  Lord Byron’s first address to the House of Lords defended Luddite violence vs. Industrialism in his home county of Nottinghamshire.

1900  Fußball-Club Bayern München founded.

1902  John Steinbeck was born in Salinas, California.

1932  Elizabeth Taylor was born in London.

1933  Reichstag fire, Germany’s parliament building in Berlin was set on fire.

1934  Ralph Nader was born in Winsted, Connecticut.

1973  American Indian Movement occupied Wounded Knee, South Dakota.

2003  Mister Fred Rogers died in Pittsburgh at age 74.

2015  Leonard Nimoy died in Los Angeles at age  83.


February 28

1525  Aztec king Cuauhtémoc was executed on the order of conquistador Hernán Cortés.

1749  Henry Fielding published Tom Jones.

1883  First vaudeville theater opened in Boston.

1916  Henry James died in Chelsea, London.

1939  Erroneous word “dord” was discovered in Webster’s New International Dictionary, Second Edition, prompting investigation.

1954  First color television using NTSC standard offered for sale to the general public.

1994  NATO’s first combat action in history: four Bosnian Serb jets shot down by American fighters in a no-fly zone.

2013  Pope Benedict XVI resigned, becoming the first Catholic pope to do so since 1415.


February 29 - LEAP DAY

 468  Pope Hilarius died in Rome.

2004  President of Haiti, Jean-Bertrand Aristide removed by U.S. Following a coup d’état.

2012  Davy Jones died in Stuart, Florida at age 66.

February
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